DAMAGE IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS: BASIC MECHANISMS, ACCUMULATION, TOLERANCE, AND CHARACTERIZATION STP 775

DAMAGE IN COMPOSITE
MATERIALS: BASIC
MECHANISMS,
ACCUMULATION,
TOLERANCE, AND
CHARACTERIZATION
STP 775

It is well established that the micro-events which reduce the strength apd stiffness, and determine the life of composite laminates (commonly referred to as "damage") are complex, various, and intricately related to a variety of failure modes under different circumstances. The study of individual details

of damage is certainly of academic interest. However, it was the objective of the symposium which formed the basis for this book to provide a forum for the general discussion of the specific nature of damage in composite materials as a collective condition, what might be called a "damage state." The

symposium was sponsored by Subcommittees E09.03 on Fatigue of Composite Materials and E09.01 on Research, in Committee E-9 on Fatigue. Committee E-7 on Nondestructive Testing also contributed in a formal way. The symposium material was chosen and organized to specifically serve

three groups of people.

1. Materials scientists and nondestructive evaluation practitioners: For this group, the symposium was intended to provide an opportunity to establish the mechanisms which create damage in composite materials, to discuss the experimental methods that can be used to investigate those mechanisms,

and to study the relationship of these mechanisms to loads, strains, and other environments.

2. Fatigue researchers in composite materials: For this group, whether they consider composites to be structural materials or models for studying microscopic damage of complex material systems such as metal alloys, ceramics, semi-crystalline polymers, etc., it was intended that the symposium

provide an attempt to establish the nature of damage accumulation, and to identify and characterize cumulative damage states as collective entities as an approach to anticipating the residual properties and response of such materials. This emphasis included an effort to develop modeling methods and

analytical techniques which can be used to represent damage states and to anticipate response in unfamiliar circumstances.

3. Designers and others primarily concerned with the application of composite materials to engineering structures and with the nondestructive testing of those structures: The symposium was intended to provide information to this group which could be used to assess the damage tolerance of various composite laminates and structures in terms of their subsequent strength, life

and stiffness following the formation of damage states.

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