WELDING THE HY STEELS
ASTM Sgecial Technical Publication 494
Prepared by
R. W. Flax, R. E. Keith, and M. D. Randall
The principal advantages of the HY-steels are their good combination of strength and
toughness over a wide temperature range and their good weldability in heavy sections with
little preheat and no postweld heat treatment. This class of steels includes Ni-Cr-Mo steels
designated HY-80 and HY-100 and a Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel tentatively designated HY-130. They
are low-carbon steels that achieve their strength and toughness through a quenching and tempering
heat treatment.
The following welding processes and their proper application to the Hy-steels are discussed:
(1) shielded metal-arc welding, (2) submerged-arc welding, (3) gas metal-arc welding, (4) Narrow-
Gap welding, (5) gas tungsten-arc welding, (6) plasma arc welding, and (7) electron beam welding.
HY-80 and HY-100 have 80,000 psi and 100,000 psi minimum yield strengths respectively,
and very similar chemical compositions. In general, these alloys are considered highly weldable,
and their as-welded properties are very good when proper welding procedures are used. HY-130
is a higher alloy quenched-and-tempered steel having a minimum yield strength of 130,000 psi.
Development of filler materials for joining HY-130 has been hampered by the difficulty of obtaining
the combination of high toughness and high strength required in the as-welded condition.
Heat-affected-zone microcracking and weld- and base-metal delayed cracking have been
problems in welding HY-80 and HY-100. These can, however, be controlled by proper melting
and processing of the base materials during production and by exercising proper precautions
during welding. HY-130 has shown sensitivity to weld-metal contamination by carbon, sulfur,
phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
ASTM Sgecial Technical Publication 494
Prepared by
R. W. Flax, R. E. Keith, and M. D. Randall
The principal advantages of the HY-steels are their good combination of strength and
toughness over a wide temperature range and their good weldability in heavy sections with
little preheat and no postweld heat treatment. This class of steels includes Ni-Cr-Mo steels
designated HY-80 and HY-100 and a Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel tentatively designated HY-130. They
are low-carbon steels that achieve their strength and toughness through a quenching and tempering
heat treatment.
The following welding processes and their proper application to the Hy-steels are discussed:
(1) shielded metal-arc welding, (2) submerged-arc welding, (3) gas metal-arc welding, (4) Narrow-
Gap welding, (5) gas tungsten-arc welding, (6) plasma arc welding, and (7) electron beam welding.
HY-80 and HY-100 have 80,000 psi and 100,000 psi minimum yield strengths respectively,
and very similar chemical compositions. In general, these alloys are considered highly weldable,
and their as-welded properties are very good when proper welding procedures are used. HY-130
is a higher alloy quenched-and-tempered steel having a minimum yield strength of 130,000 psi.
Development of filler materials for joining HY-130 has been hampered by the difficulty of obtaining
the combination of high toughness and high strength required in the as-welded condition.
Heat-affected-zone microcracking and weld- and base-metal delayed cracking have been
problems in welding HY-80 and HY-100. These can, however, be controlled by proper melting
and processing of the base materials during production and by exercising proper precautions
during welding. HY-130 has shown sensitivity to weld-metal contamination by carbon, sulfur,
phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
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